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Microcredit refers to small amount of loan given to the low income earners and poor who are financially excluded by the conventional commercial banks on account of their lack of collateral and or credit history, so that they can enjoy self-employment, income generation and poverty reduction. The number of microcredit beneficiaries in Northwest, Nigeria has significantly increased but poverty level has equally been on the increase thereby casting doubt on the effect of microcredit on poverty alleviation resulting in scholarly debates that end with mixed results. Using literature reviews this paper depicts how microcredit affects poverty alleviation. Although, various studies found significant positive relationship between microcredit and poverty alleviation it is not a stand-alone solution to the poverty problem in the Northwest, Nigeria. A frame work that involves a combination of microcredit with psychological attributes of borrowers is proposed.

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Whenever teachers teach, it is expected that learners participate actively. However, reality reveals that there are occasions when learners do not participate/ engage. In Rizal Technological University, the same dilemma is observed among the learners. Teachers perceived the learners to be inadequate in terms of communication skills. In most cases, learners are judged according to their classroom performance. Thus, the general view is that students’ level of proficiency does not meet the standards set for College students. At one point, the teacher’s measure of the students learning is through test. However, how valid is the test given to determine the students acquisition of the expected competence? This study finds out if the test taken by the students in their English 3 subject enhances their speech and oral communication and influences their class performance. Moreover, the paper aims to analyse the given test in terms of its general features, validity, effectiveness, applicability and conformity to the syllabus. In addition, the study intends to assess the general perception of the test takers towards the test.

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A World Bank Study led as of late says that the Indian coordinations cost is one of the most noteworthy on the planet. This review demonstrates that to the extent creating nations are concerned, these expenses are 6 % to 8 % of the aggregate estimation of products. In China the cost is assessed at 10 % of aggregate estimation of merchandise. By examination, the cost of coordinations in India is 14 % of the aggregate estimation of products. The cargo costs for rail and street are very high, for instance:

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The study examines the Socio-economic effect of land degradation on food security among smallholder farmers in some selected LGAs Jigawa state, Nigeria. Twelve communities, 3 each from the 4 local governments selected from each of the 4 agricultural zones of the state were selected. Six of the communities were desert prone and the other six were water prone communities. About 335 smallholder farmers were selected using multistage sampling procedure and data collection was conducted using structured questionnaire and Focus group discussion. Data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics, food security index and multiple regression model. The results showed that 88% of the smallholder farmers were food insecured,85% feed twice a day,70% doesn’t eats to satisfaction52% produced food that last for <= 6 months and 98% doesn’t access food at affordable prices. Regression coefficient of household size, age of household head, level of education, membership of farmer group, contact with development agent and size of farmland under cultivation were all negative. How ever, regression coefficient in relation to household size (P>0.000),age of household head (P> 0.000),level of education (P> 0.010) and contact with development agent (P>0.041) were positive while size of farmland under cultivation (P>0.794) and membership of farmer group (P>0.169) were negative. It shows that majority of the respondents are food insecure and socioeconomics plays a positive role in the food security status. Rural urban migration was identified as one of the major coping strategies adopted against food insecurity in the study area. It is recommended that development agencies in collaboration with government should support the communities’ efforts on reversing the effect of land degradation prevalent in the study area and this is in turn expected to help in reducing the effect of food insecurity in the study area.

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The main aim of the present study was to explore the relative contribution of Learning style and metacognition. In the present study, Sample size was 200 students of B.Ed. studying in colleges (affiliated to C.C.S. University, Meerut, U.P.) of Ghaziabad District. The collection of data was based on Learning Style Inventory (LSI) Constructed by David A. Kolb, 1985 and Metacognition Inventory (MCI) by Jamal Abedi. The data was statistically analyzed by Mean, S.D. and t-test. The statistical data of the study reveals the following main findings: It was found that there was a significant difference in Concrete Experience Learning Style, Reflective Observation, Abstract Conceptualization and Active Experimentation Learning Style of B.Ed. students having high Metacognition and low Metacognition.

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This study investigated the relation ship among emotional intelligence, self Concept and Teaching aptitude. Sample was 200 pupil teachers. Descriptive Survey method was used. Tools were emotional intelligence by Upindar Dhor, Self-concept- BY MUKTA RASTOGI and Teaching Aptitude-BY DHAIYA AND SINGH. The Finding were that there was highly correlation among the variable.

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System will take audit of the client about the stock and web based shopping administration and will rate the stock and internet shopping administrations. This framework will help E-business venture to think about their client benefits and in addition about the stock. The framework takes audit of different clients, in light of the survey; framework will determine whether the items and administrations gave by the E-Commerce endeavor are great, awful or most noticeably awful. We utilize content based examination alongside energy or cynicism weight in database and after that in view of these supposition catchphrases mined in client survey, item and administrations gave by the E-business undertaking is positioned. This framework will help numerous Ebusiness endeavors to think about their clients. Text information mining utilized as a part of this framework to get excellent data from content. Excellent data is regularly determined through the formulating of examples and patterns. This framework filters an arrangement of content written in common dialect.

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The stature of the teacher has shortened. His social behavior, his philosophy and his hunger for money have lowered him in the eyes of students and the society both. When we say that a person possesses an aptitude for teaching, it is presumed that he has a good proportion of traits required for becoming successful teacher. The magnitude of these traits may differ from one person to another and even the number of traits possessed by each person may vary. A system succeeds or fails; a technique proves useful or otherwise in the hands of the teachers who implement the same. It is therefore, the teacher who is the pivot of all work in education. Though there has been the importance of education in all the places and ages, its importance has become more and more necessary in the democratic society of today. It is hoped that with the present study it will be possible to find out if there is correlation between Teaching Aptitude and teachers. To become effective and good teacher, one requires various qualities but Teaching Aptitude is one of the potent and influential qualities for a person desirous of becoming a good and effective teacher. The result confirms that there is a significant difference between the Male and Female teachers of the sample in the area of Teaching Aptitude’, at level, 0.05. And male teachers are found better than Female teaches in the field of Teaching Aptitude. Swiss replica watches best UK rolex replica watches are of high quality. Wish you find your perfect fake Rolex watches here.
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Carole Mc Granahan, in the article (2018) attempts to define the essence of ethnography. This attempt is mired with multiple ideas, but the focus on ethnographic sensibility is central. It is, she defines as, "the cultivation of a sense of the ethnographic as the lived expectations, complexities, contradictions, possibilities and grounds of any given cultural group." (p 1) Carole distinguishes ethnography from all other methods and proves its uniqueness. Ethnographic sensibility is the sense of living the ethnographical space itself. She believes that what is needed is not just the quantity of ethnographies done but the infusion of this sensibility into its study. The common barrier to the recognition of this sensibility is the blurring of lines between what is 'ethnographic' and what is not ethnographic. It is both ontological and epistemological, and hence this duality becomes unnoticeable at times because the researcher finds himself in the same reality. She writes how ethnography, a method used since the beginning of anthropology, has changed its definition. Now, it is not just a method to know something, but by itself is a "way of knowing" (p 3).

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Human relations are enormously complex in nature. They not only tend to operate on different levels, but it is through them that the entire persona of the individual is manifested and reflected. Shashi Deshpande being an illustrious and distinguished novelist writing in English conjures up numerous and distinct shades of relationship in almost all her novels. Her characters come from different walks of life and present a diverse panorama comprising the different shades and hues. It is through these relationships that her protagonists grow and manifest themselves in the face of threats and challenges in the world. Deshpande’s novels display a whole range of characters that go on stultifying the rituals and traditions which thwart the very existence of women in our society. This short paper is an attempt to trace the struggle of the protagonist, Manjari, in the novel Moving On to free herself from the smothering and stifling constraints in order to admire and embrace a spontaneous celebration of life. It will also take into consideration how in order to bring out the meaningful definitions, life yields self-knowledge which imparts strength, fortitude and wisdom to her to confront the challenges that life throws up. AAA repliche rolex top Canada replica watches at affordable prices can be found from this website.
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Financial literacy plays an important role in the socio economic development of a country besides political and legal. Women play an important role in the economic development of the country. In India as 50% population are women their contribution to the economic growth is a must. Women must be literate to be economically strong. Women's education is essential for improving their status in the society and also to make them empower.

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The study has been conducted on a sample of 100 graduate class male students of Aligarh district U.P. The students belong to both arts and science streams. The personality development- introversion and extroversion traits have been investigated. Descriptive survey method has been used for the study introversion extroversion inventory. The results reveal that science and arts students differ significantly in introversion characteristics. Science students are more introverts as compared to arts students.

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Language is the medium of exchange of ideas. The more intelligible, simple and easy the language, the more successful and powerful the communication will be. In the tradition, history and development of Indian languages, Hindi has the same place and importance as that of Sanskrit in the 'Pura' period. At present, Hindi language remains the contact language of people not only in India but also abroad. Almost half of India's population is basically Hindi speaking and it uses Hindi only for mutual exchange of views. In fact, language is the mirror of the history of a country, in which the future can also be seen. Hindi is the pride of India and in the development and propagation of Hindi, a glimpse of India's future can be seen in reality. Today, the form of Hindi has become global, it is strengthening its hold at the international level, as well as it is constantly seeking its form.

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Anita Desai and Anita Nair as the novelists, strongly leans towards the existentialist understanding of the human condition. In particular, Anita Desai gives voice to "themute miseries and helplessness of married women tormented by existentialist problems and predicaments". Both, as female novelists, have carved out a unique space for herself by writing about women's emotions and revealing the underlying mechanisms at play in feminine sensibility and psychology. This bias compels her to investigate how her female protagonists process the absurdity of their situations. This makes them think about the more sinister aspects of life. By putting their female heroines in dangerous situations, they convey a melancholy perspective in their stories. They also analyse her female heroes as unique people who must persevere despite living in hostile environments. Existential anxiety is a symptom of this terrible conflict between the individual and their adverse surroundings.

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Several American lawmakers and financiers blamed the U.S. accounting standards for the financial crisis, claiming that the No. 157 accounting principle—which requires financial products to be measured using "fair value"—significantly exacerbated the situation. Some countries updated their fair value accounting standards in response to the controversy. The financial crisis significantly impacted China's new accounting standards since they heavily rely on fair value calculation. As a result, we need to improve accounting standards. Control or clarify the specifics of the fair value standards. Bolster theory research and the expertise of the accounting personnel.

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Libraries serve as crucial pillars of academic institutions, providing essential resources and services that support students' and faculty' educational and research needs. This comparative study evaluates the collection and services offered by college libraries at Delhi University. By analyzing the variety, accessibility, and utilization of resources and services, this study aims to identify best practices and areas for improvement, ultimately enhancing the library's overall experience.

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This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions in reducing stress, improving coping mechanisms, and alleviating the burden among caregivers of critically ill traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients in critical care units in Bangalore. Through a mixed-method approach, both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from caregivers to assess their levels of stress, coping strategies, and burden before and after the implementation of a structured nursing intervention program. The study found that tailored nursing interventions significantly reduced caregiver stress, enhanced coping strategies, and mitigated the burden, thereby improving their overall well-being. The findings underscore the importance of providing continuous support and education to caregivers in critical care settings to improve patient outcomes and caregiver health.

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This research paper delves into the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) within Kanpur Mahanagar, examining its implementation, challenges, and successes. The SSA, launched by the Government of India, aims to universalize elementary education. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of how the SSA has been operationalized in the urban context of Kanpur, considering factors such as enrollment rates, infrastructure development, teacher quality, and community participation. Through data collection and field surveys, this study identifies key areas where the SSA has made significant progress and highlights the obstacles that hinder its full realization.

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This paper tries to examine the social inclusion and exclusion of Scheduled Castes (SCs) in Joint Forest Planning and Management (JFPM) initiative in Karnataka, based on data collected from 18 Village Forest Committees (VFCs) in Udupi and Uttara Kannada districts. It attempts to explore the challenges SCs face in accessing and using forest resources, their involvement in decision-making, and the benefits derived from their participation in forest management. The findings reveal that SC households initially after the formation of VFCs faced difficulties related to fodder, grazing land, and access to Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs). However, the introduction of alternative fuel sources and employment opportunitieshave gradually reduced their dependence on forests. Furthermore, SC households are actively participating in all VFC activities and benefiting from their involvement, alongside other community members. These findings highlight the inclusion of SCs in participatory forest management in Karnataka.