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Special Issue Vol. 9, No. 2 2023

Digital Life in 2050: A Futuristic Outlook

Dr. Hardeep Singh, Er. Bikram Pal Singh 12/08/2023 Page: 001-013

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The rapid advancements in technology have transformed the world we live in, and the year 2050 promises to bring even more astonishing changes. This paper presents a futuristic outlook on digital life in 2050, envisioning a society deeply integrated with advanced technologies and artificial intelligence (AI). By examining potential developments in various areas, including communication, transportation, healthcare, and entertainment, we explore how these advancements may shape our lives in the coming decades. In the realm of communication, ubiquitous connectivity will become the norm, with a fully interconnected global network. The Internet of Things (IoT) will seamlessly connect everyday objects, enabling smart homes and smart cities that optimize energy consumption, transportation, and resource allocation. Augmented and virtual reality will transform how we interact with the digital world, revolutionizing education, entertainment, and social experiences. Transportation will undergo a drastic transformation, with the rise of autonomous vehicles dominating the streets. Commutes will become safer and more efficient, as AI systems manage traffic flow and minimize congestion. Electric and renewable energy-powered transportation will help reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change. Additionally, the development of hyperloop systems and personalized flying vehicles may revolutionize long-distance travel. Healthcare will be revolutionized by the integration of AI, robotics, and genetic engineering. Personalized medicine will become the standard, as advancements in genetic profiling and nanotechnology enable targeted treatments for individuals. AI-powered medical assistants and robotic surgeons will enhance precision and efficiency in diagnostics and surgical procedures, improving patient outcomes. The entertainment industry will undergo a paradigm shift with immersive experiences becoming the norm. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) will enable users to dive into realistic and interactive virtual worlds, blurring the boundaries between physical and digital realities. AI-driven content creation and personalized recommendations will cater to individual preferences, delivering tailored entertainment experiences. However, this digital utopia also raises concerns about privacy, security, and ethical considerations. Striking a balance between technological advancements and safeguarding individual rights and values will be crucial. Addressing these challenges will require robust regulations and ethical frameworks to ensure responsible development and use of technology. In brief, the year 2050 holds immense potential for a digitally interconnected society. The fusion of advanced technologies, AI, and automation will transform various aspects of our lives, from communication and transportation to healthcare and entertainment. By embracing these advancements while addressing associated challenges, we can create a future where technology empowers individuals and enhances the human experience. You can order cheap and high quality UK replica watches here.
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Management of Youth Spare Time in Volunteer Work to Help the Displaced from the City of Mosul

Prof. Dr. Ibtisam Saadoun Al-Nouri, Prof. Dr. Niran Youssef Jabr 12/08/2023 Page: 014-018

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The current research was determined by young people who are engaged in volunteer work to help the displaced from Mosul Governorate, and who are present in the Husseiniya processions on the (Ya Hussein) road linking Najaf and Karbala governorates for the year 2014-2015.

Critical Stylistic Analysis of Sympathy of Presidential Speeches in 9/11 Incidents

Ulla Kamal Yassin, Prof. Estabraq R.Ibrahim (PhD.) 12/08/2023 Page: 019-045

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The 9/11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon are considered a defining moment in American history. The tragedy of that day had an enormous impact on the political landscape of the United States and has been a subject of intense scrutiny by scholars and researchers from various academic fields. One aspect of the 9/11 incident that has garnered particular interest is the way in which the US Presidents responded to the attacks. In the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, the US Presidents delivered several speeches that expressed their sympathy, condolences, and reassurances to the American people. These speeches form the basis of this research, which seeks to analyze the critical stylistic features of presidential sympathetic speeches. The main objective of this research is to examine the rhetorical strategies employed by the US Presidents in their speeches and to identify how these strategies were used to create a sense of unity, comfort, and support among the American people during a time of crisis.

The Difficulties Faced by Yemeni Humanitarian Staff in Using English Language

Dr. Mohammed Modhaffer, Dr. Afrah Humran 12/08/2023 Page: 046-058

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Yemeni employees working in humanitarian organizations often face difficulties using English. This paper examines the main difficulties that Yemeni employees face in using English in humanitarian work, with a focus on the skills of writing, speaking, reading, listening, grammar, and specialized terminology. The paper uses a descriptive approach and a quantitative research design. The survey was administered to a randomly selected sample of Yemeni employees working in humanitarian organizations in Yemen. The results of the study show that the most common difficulties that Yemeni employees face in using English in humanitarian work are writing reports and emails, understanding the foreign speakers in meetings with donors and understanding the specialized terminology specific to the humanitarian field. The study also found that the respondents prioritized improving their written skills and grammar. The findings of this study have implications for the design of an English for Specific Purposes curriculum to be delivered in a training and development program for Yemeni employees working in humanitarian organizations. The results suggest that such a program should focus on improving the written skills and grammar of Yemeni employees, as well as their understanding of specialized terminology.

Lifestyle Diseases and Ayurveda

Dr Manisha U. Nikam 12/08/2023 Page: 059-066

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‘Health’ is a state of complete physical, mental, spiritual and social wellbeing and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity. ‘Swastha’ in Ayurveda is health that means the equilibrium of Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala with proper functions of Atma, Indriya & Manas in the body. But in the present era, the Lifestyle diseases, commonly known as ‘non-communicable diseases’(NCDs) or (CDL) are the shooting up prevalence disorders causing questionable health statistics of positive health irrespective of age and gender

Increasing Responsibility of Women in Present Context: A Study

Prof (Dr) Ranjana Kulshreshtha 12/08/2023 Page: 067-071

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Artificial Intelligence and its Role in Countering Fake and Misleading News on Social Networking Sites

Dr. Wissam Ghali Qassem 12/08/2023 Page: 072-079

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Social media platforms have witnessed tremendous growth in recent years, leading to an increase in the spread of fake and misleading news. Due to their negative impact on public opinion and individuals, it has become necessary to take measures to combat this phenomenon. In this research, we focus on the role of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in addressing fake and misleading news on social media. Our main goal is to use AI capabilities to analyze and classify suspicious content and provide mechanisms for detecting fake news using a descriptive approach. AAA perfect UK replica watches at affordable prices can be found from this website.
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A Scenario of Pharmacy Education and Training in India

Jyoti Agrawal 12/08/2023 Page: 080-087

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Pharmacy education in India focuses on producing skilled pharmacists who can contribute to the pharmaceutical industry, patient care, drug research, and public health initiatives. The profession of pharmacy plays a crucial role in the Indian healthcare system, and the emphasis on continuous learning and ethical practice ensures that pharmacists uphold high standards of patient safety and well-being. Some pharmacists may pursue postgraduate residency programs to gain advanced training and specialization in specific areas, such as ambulatory care, critical care, or infectious diseases.

Social Phobia Among University Students

Prof Dr. Zainab Hashim Abuod, Hani Allawi Radam 12/08/2023 Page: 088-106

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Social phobia is a psychological experience that develops in individuals as a result of certain stimuli they encounter in their social lives, which plays a fundamental role in establishing fear or anxiety. The current research aimed to study social phobia among university students in order to: 1-Determine the level of social phobia among university students. 2-Identify the significance of differences in the level of social phobia among university students according to gender (males vs. females) and major (scientific vs. humanities).

Real-time Voice Recognition and Modification By Convolutional Neural Network

Tameem Hameed Obaida, Abeer Salim Jamil, Nidaa Flaih Hassan 12/08/2023 Page: 107-118

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Voice recognition is an interesting topic, as many researchers have sought to use different applications and devices in the field of voice recognition. But more advanced solutions use artificial intelligence techniques for their great ability to simulate the human mind. Voice recognition is useful in many aspects, especially in security fields, for example, witness protection. In this paper, a new model is designed to protect the witness and ensure the Safety and security of witnesses in order to ensure their cooperation and testimony. By recognizing his/her voice in real-time, then changing it by applying by applying some filters and manipulating the sampling frequency and time to amplify the sound. The method relied on the salient features of sound, and the Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients is one of the important and effective techniques on feature extraction (MFCC) approach, it was used as a first step in the proposed model. The model then used a convolutional neural network (CNN), due to its high classification and prediction accuracy, to recognize the witness's voice. Then his/her voice was changed as a last step. The proposed model achieved a classification accuracy of about 99% in distinguishing the witness's voice.

Feature Detection Extracted for Video Tracking Based on the Histogram of the Oriented Gradient HOG Technique

Dr. Adil Abbas Majeed 12/08/2023 Page: 119-126

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Video tracking systems face many natural and industrial challenges when tracking objects in intelligent surveillance systems, which are complicated by the speed of movement of objects and their change in terms of location and angle and are affected by many factors such as weather conditions, lighting, and the path of the moving object to be tracked. In our research, to detect, we apply many pre-processing stages such as implementation or choosing the background by static background image, optimization, and object segmentation (splitting and cropping) on an object and optimizing its appearance, after that the object is converted to a fixed size (12864). It uses the application Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) algorithm to determine properties, and their use in discrimination, comparison, and other operations.

Impact of Service Quality on Customer Relationship Management: Applied Research in Iraqi Insurance Company

Maha Kamel Jawad, Maha Abdul Razzaq Muhammad 12/08/2023 Page: 127-149

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Purpose of research is to diagnose impact between quality of the insurance service and management of customer relations with its dimensions represented by (focusing on major customers, organizing customer relations, managing customer knowledge, managing relations based on technology), and the degree of arranging these dimensions according to priority, and the importance of expected results. The researcher adopted the questionnaire as a tool for collecting data from the members of the research community, who numbered (132) respondents working in the Iraqi insurance company, as the statistical program (SPSS V.28) was used to calculate (the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, relative importance, Cronbach's alpha, T test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, R2 coefficient of determination, Chi square test, F test) The most prominent findings of the research are: There is a strong significant effect relationship between the quality of insurance service and customer relationship management 0

Implicative Speech Acts in the Twenty-Eighth Part of the Holy Quran

Entssar Ismael, Prof. Suhad Jasim Abbas (Ph.D.) 12/08/2023 Page: 150-157

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This study focuses on the discourse theory and its application to the twenty-eighth part of the Holy Quran, specifically examining verbal actions and their impact on the process of communication, comprehension, and understanding. The study concludes the following: 1. The establishment of discourse features and considering the multidimensional linguistic context as a fundamental element in successful communication through the study of verbal actions. 2. Tracing the efforts of theorists like Austin and Searle in the theory of speech acts, as well as the contributions of Arab linguists such as Sibawayh and Ibn Jinni, and modern Arab linguists like Taha Abdulrahman and Masoud Sahrawi. These contributions emphasized the surrounding contexts of interlocutors and the conditions for successful communication. 3. The multiplicity of approaches in studying grammatical methods, direct and indirect speech in the Holy Quran, by examining verbal actions and their transition from one meaning to another. 4. The application of the theory of speech acts to the Quranic text by applying its principles and foundations to the words of Allah, the miraculous speech, in every time and place.

Diaspora Literature: A Comprehensive Analysis of Key Elements and Theoretical Frameworks

Mr. Kiran Sampat Patil, Dr. P.N. Gore 12/08/2023 Page: 158-162

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Migrations have been a consistent aspect of human history since ancient times, and these movements have given rise to what is now known as Diaspora literature. This genre revolves around the experiences of groups of people who have migrated from their homeland to another country, maintaining political, social, and economic ties with their place of origin. Such journeys often bring forth a range of challenges, including feelings of alienation, nostalgia, encounters with different cultures, and a profound longing for the homeland. In the contemporary era, Diaspora literature continues to fascinate both readers and writers. It now encompasses a broader spectrum of topics, including the impact of recent events like the Corona Pandemic and instances of warfare that have forcibly displaced populations. These modern events have become significant catalysts for migrations and subsequently form the foundation for new waves of Diaspora literature. This paper aims to delve into several key elements and theories that underpin the concept of Diaspora. It will explore the intricate dynamics of migration, shedding light on the various ways in which individuals and communities navigate their identities, connections, and emotions as they adapt to new environments. By examining these fundamental aspects, this paper seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolving nature of Diaspora literature in our contemporary world.

A Pragma-Discoursal Functions of Soliloquies in English Drama

Noor Hassan Obeed 12/08/2023 Page: 163-170

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Language is used to mediate ideas, points of view, emotions, etc. from one user to another, and Shakespeare’s soliloquies are as well used for such goals. What this study is concerned with is analyzing language taken from Shakespeare’s tragic plays to arrive at the hidden and apparent ideologies of texts. When people are encountered with a text, based on the experience they have, they can associate the text to a certain type or genre that is familiar to them (Verdonk, 2002: 11). For example, readers can usually distinguish between the language of poetry and the language of newspapers based on the pragmatic conventions that they are acquainted with. This is part of people’s socialization in the culture they belong to (ibid). 2023 replica watches cheap replica watches UK with high quality are worth having.
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Political Perspective of ‘Macbeth’

Dr. Raad Hameed Kambash 12/08/2023 Page: 171-177

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Abundant research has been conducted on all works of Shakespeare, yet, researchers continue to delve deeper into his writings and one is astonished to realize that one can still find unexplored areas that help to reveal more about the plays and the playwright. This study is one such accidental hit upon something in the famous play ‘Macbeth’ that enables a better understanding of the characters as well as a worthy search into the play’s association with history, further enabling a political perspective of the play. The researcher has touched upon the religious aspect as well, and the supernatural beliefs of those times. Together, the entire comprehensive view gives a sense of completion and satisfaction of the reading of the play.

The Role of Story Mapping Technique in Comprehending William Shakespeare's Selected Plays

Ali Sabah Jameel 08/09/2023 Page: 178-186

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This study aims to reveal the role of Story Mapping Technique in understanding the characters and the relationships among them in Merchant of Venice play and Hamlet play, and how the characters being developed during the plot of the play. The sample is consisted of 43, from this sample only 5 participants' replies were valid to be analyzed from grade four at the Department of English, College of Arts, University of Anbar. The study was conducted during the second semester of the academic year 2022-2023. A Story Mapping Technique (SMT) was used to collect the data of the study, which was distributed via a "Google Form" via the following link: https://forms.gle/eR9LZpzHD4pN5YEz6. The results revealed that the story mapping technique had a significance effect on students' comprehending of the relationships among the characters of the two plays, it is a visual representation of the plot, which outlines the story's structure and major events in a chronological order. This tool is useful in understanding the characters' motives and the relationships between them. In addition, it helps students to understand the role and the nature of each character. It had helped them to save time, effort, and the use of dictionary in understanding the main and the major characters of each play. Finally, the story mapping helps to visualize the overall structure of the play and identify the key events that shape the characters' motivations and behaviors.

Marxism in Edward Bond’s Saved

Asst. Prof. Asmaa Mukaram Saeed 08/09/2023 Page: 187-192

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Saved (1965) has been categorized as a unique play by Bond in which it tackles the suffering of the proletarian after the industrialization of the British society and the aftermath of the 2nd world war that produced a generation of no morals, values, and concepts. The generation suffers from poverty and strives hardly to survive and secure their basic needs in life. The play was rejected at the beginning because it criticizes the social layers of the British society in a cruel, inhuman, and shocking way, yet years later the play proved to be "one of the great modern plays" (Michael, online). Bond attacks capitalism and the structure of the family on economic, psychological, and spiritual levels. The play proves that poverty and slow starvation destroy the family ties as a real representation of human suffering.

Genre Analysis in Linguistics Argumentative Essays

Maha Majeed Anber 08/09/2023 Page: 193-200

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It is possible to approach genre analysis from a variety of angles and academic fields, including literary studies, linguistics, cultural studies, and media studies. Finding the characteristic components and patterns of a genre, such as its narrative frameworks, character types, locales, themes, and aesthetic techniques, is a necessary step. Researchers can learn more about a genre's function, target audience, and cultural setting by looking at these characteristics. The writing skill is being taught in the Departments of English for eight courses, but the students' level in writing is not efficient. The aim of this study is to reveal the role of genre analysis in improving students' argumentative essays performance. The participants are 40 male and female students from 2nd grade from the Department of English, College of Education for Humanities, University of Anbar. A genre analysis-based-argumentative essays writing program was prepared to achieve the aim of the study. An achievement test was designed to collect the data. The result revealed that the use of genre analysis has a significance and positive role on students' argumentative essays writing. This result is due that genre analysis approach has facilitated the argumentative essays writing, the students have practiced a new genre-based approach in learning writing argumentative essay. The participants of the experimental group have gain high marks in argumentative essay writing due to the fact that genre analysis helps students understand the rhetorical strategies used in argumentative essays, focusing on evidence, logical reasoning, and persuasive language. To conclude, genre analysis is a crucial and positive tool in teaching argumentative essay writing, significantly enhancing students' performance. By understanding the characteristics and expectations of the argumentative genre, students are equipped with the necessary tools to effectively convey their ideas and persuade their readers.

Student's Perspective Toward the Use of Symbols in "Sons and Lovers"

Nuha Majeed Anber 08/09/2023 Page: 201-205

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Sons and Lovers (1913) turned into a singular Lawrence's first massive novel making him probably the greatest younger novelist of his generation. Lawrence used symbols to beautify the expression of his language in his work "Sons and Lover". This study aims to investigate EFL students' perspectives toward the use of symbols in 'sons and lovers'. In another word, the researcher asked to what extent did the EFL students accept the representation of the symbols in the novel? Did the author use the symbols in a good way? Did the symbols deliver the author's message successfully? To answer these questions, the following question was set: " What is the level of EFL students' perspective toward the use of symbols in 'sons and lovers'?. The participants were 54 male and female undergraduate students from grade Four at the Department of English, College of Arts, University of Anbar-Iraq. The study was conducted during the first semester of the academic year 2021-2022. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The results revealed that the students are aware of the meaning of the symbols in English literature.

Compatibility of Information Science with the Concept, Characteristics, and Criteria of Interdisciplinarity

Prof. Dr. Naeema Hassan Razzouki 08/09/2023 Page: 206-212

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Creation, knowing nothing about existence, found mystery, amazement, and a drive toward discovery to continue. Trial and error were the systems to be relied upon. And over time and with the formation of ancient civilizations independent of each other, they try to search and investigate, but in an organized manner, to reach different facts and disciplines, opening doors for the establishment of sciences, which almost all agree on interest in mathematics, numbers, engineering, and medicine. Those were reflective of their needs and documented in their architecture and life. The sciences were complementary to each other, gathering them in the knowledge of several scholars who knew about them. Sciences then began as integrated knowledge, interdisciplinary domains in nature without specialization. Gradually, human knowledge expanded and societies became more complex leading to a shift toward Specializations. This shift allowed for the in-depth study of specific subjects and practical applications. Moreover, The continuous movement from simplicity to complexity has allowed the boundaries between disciplines to become transparent due to the need for collaboration in addressing complex research activities.

Using Jigsaw Teaching Techniques In Teaching English as a Foreign Language

Athraa Raheem Matar, Fatima Mushtaq Kamel, Mariam Mohammad Turki, Nabaa Shamil Abbas, Prof. Bushra Saadoon Alnoori (Ph.D) 08/09/2023 Page: 213-223

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Students tend to display noticeable inadequacy of comprehension and communication. Several research projects have been carried out to find suitable methods to enrich and enhance the vocabulary repertoire. The researchers have attempted the present study to find out whether using complex passages and different instructional methods to teach vocabulary enhances learning and internalization of the target vocabulary. Jigsaw, a student-centered method of instruction and the traditional method of instruction were adopted for both the groups and the design followed as repeated measures. The paired test of the data collected shows invariably the unavailing nature of both methods of instruction and complex input on students’ vocabulary.

Crime of Torturing is Condemned in Islamic Legislation and Iraqi Laws

Rasim Maseer Jasim 08/09/2023 Page: 224-247

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It may not be easy for us to delve into the details of the theorizing on the issue of torture while we are actually witnessing the manifestations of humanity’s misery. Individual in that it relates to this, but It is also related to the fall of the status of human values in individual and societal practices, and. the change of Internal and international conditions. The importance of the topic is that the topic of torture is one of the most worthy and dangerous topics of scientific research because it means a lack of respect for the law by those in charge of Its implementation, and in other words it Is a form of the authority’s lack of respect for the law, and therefore the danger doubles if the opponent and the judge are on one side and therefore It is not possible to talk about Building an international community as long as there is a scourge called torture.

Nutritional and Biochemical Analysis of Wine Locally Produced from Phoenix Dactylifera

Tatah, S.V., Ayantse M.L 08/09/2023 Page: 248-257

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The Phoenix dactylifera fruit, commonly known as dates, has been a popular food commodity in Egypt and other Arab countries for centuries. It is known for its high energy content and popularity as a food commodity. While there is limited information available about its use in wine production, this study aimed to analyze the composition of Phoenix dactylifera wine in terms of amino acids, nutrients, phytochemicals, physicochemical properties, and mineral content. The wine sample was prepared locally and stored in a refrigerator for two years. The analysis revealed that the wine had a moisture content of 82.40%, carbohydrates of 9.14%, and protein of 0.28%. The ash, fat, and crude fiber content were found to be 0.12%, 0.32%, and 5.16%, respectively. Essential amino acids like isoleucine, leucine, histidine, lysine, and threonine, as well as non-essential amino acids like glutamine, glutamic acid, serine, alanine, proline, and aspartic acid, were identified from the study. Some amino acids such as asparagine, glutamine, serine, and glutamic acid were found in higher concentrations: 132.4±7.3mg/100ml, 122.5±5.5mg/100ml, 117.9±1.4mg/100ml, and 260.4±11.0mg/100ml, respectively. Various minerals including lead, aluminum, calcium, zinc, phosphorus, sulfur, and iron were detected in the wine, with concentrations falling within the recommended daily allowance by WHO. For example, the estimated concentrations of potassium, phosphorus, and zinc were 4.90mg/100ml, 2.60mg/100ml, and 0.09mg/100ml, respectively, while the WHO recommended daily allowances for these minerals are 3500mg, 1000mg, and 15mg, respectively. The findings suggest that Phoenix dactylifera wine has potential nutritional and biochemical value.

Role of Spironolactone in the Treatment of Female Patterns Hair Loss With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Mohammed D. Mahmood, Marwan M. Merkhan 08/09/2023 Page: 258-263

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Hair loss is a common progressive continuous condition affecting both males and females with limited availability of effective therapy. The following study aimed to evaluate the difference between the outcomes of three distinct methods which included plasma of the patient, spironolactone with the plasma of the patient, and lastly, spironolactone in a female with the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Further, the study aimed to evaluate the comparison between the results to find the best method of treatment. In the following study, the target population includes ninety PCOS patients who are divided into three groups which are as follows. Spironolactone patients’ group (n=30), spironolactone + plasma product(n=30), and thirty patients in the plasma product group (n=30). To exclude the bias of age-related hair loss and hair loss due to other systematic diseases, the targeted population includes healthy individuals who are between 20 years old to 40 years old. The results of the experiment indicated that the differences between all three treatment methods were statistically significant, and all three methods were beneficial. However, the best outcome was shown by spironolactone with a marked reduction of the area of baldness which was around 50% reduction.

Deconstructing Gender in J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace and Zoe Wicomb’s Playing in the Light

Raphael Seka 08/09/2023 Page: 264-273

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Most Postcolonial writers in their narratives present characters who suffer rejection and discrimination because of their gender. This situation is glaring in patriarchal societies where men feel they are superior to the woman folk. This paper aims at projecting the link between postcolonial narrative discourse and the deconstruction of patriarchy. Put differently, this paper shows how the authors under study, though from different socio-political and cultural back grounds, participate in their narratives to question the superiority of men over women in the postcolonial world. From the prism of postcolonial theory, this paper, hinges on the premise that Coetzee and Wicomb in their narrative fictions believe that deconstruction of gender is one of the panaceas for harmony in the postcolonial socio-political space.

The Racial Question and the Survival of Multiracial Democracy in Post-Apartheid South Africa

Etienne Langmia Forti 08/09/2023 Page: 274-284

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This article which draws inspiration from the novels of Nicholas Mhlongo, Nadine Gordimer, Andre Brink and Zakes Mda focuses on the racial question on South Africa’s public sphere after the official end of apartheid. The article’s discussion of the despicable racist attitudes of South Africans and its debilitating consequences on the post-1994 multiracial democracy is predicated on the fictionalized examples drawn from Mhlongo’s Dog Eat Dog, Gordimer’s The House Gun and Get a Life, Brink’s The Rights of Desire and Mda’s The Madonna of Excelsior respectively. It is worthy to indicate that the umbilical link between race and racism has always been endemic to the socio-economic, cultural and political conflicts between the different indigenous peoples of South Africa and the two major European powers who were the Dutch and British who in the late 17th Century and early 18th Century settled permanently in this part of Africa (T.R.Batten, 1951: 129-64). Christopher O’Reilly (2001) indicates that the institutionalization of racism as a governance policy known as ‘Apartheid’ was implemented by the Afrikaner National Party in 1948. And it formally ended in 1994 when Nelson Mandela became the country’s first black president after winning the first ever organized multiracial election (40). And this event, on the political sphere, marked the official end of racialism as an institutionalized policy which subjugated a majority of the country’s population considered ‘racially inferior’ to the minority-turned majority Afrikaner population. Despite the tremendous efforts of the Nelson Mandela and Tabo Beki leaderships geared at the concrete implantation of the spirit of reconciliation and nationhood in all South Africans, the racial question continues to be one of the many challenges that impede the African National Congress’ (ANC) nation-building goal. Thus this article seeks to illustrate the fragility of the spirit of forgiveness and reconciliation evident in the persistent resurgence and upsurge of racist attitudes of the Apartheid past which puts to question the practicality of the guiding principle of its democracy, that of a ‘Rainbow Nation,’ formulated by its architects who are Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu. The central thrust of this paper is informed by new historicists and Postcolonial theoretical considerations. It borrows from the major concepts of New Historicism such as those propounded by Anton Kaes, Steven Greenblatt, Jerome McGann, Louis Montrose and the Postcolonial concepts of Centre/Margin, Self/Other binaries, Race, Class and Ethnicity.

Emerging Practice in Soliciting DNA Test, Kinship Values and the Family in Africa: Medical Anthropological Approach

Monju Calasanctius Matsiale 17/09/2023 Page: 285-293

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The practice of soliciting Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) tests for determining kinship values and family relationships is an emerging trend in Africa. This practice has gained popularity in recent years due to advancements in technology and increased awareness about genetic testing. Medical Anthropology provides a unique way to examine the social, cultural, and ethical implications of such practice. This paper, therefore, dwells on exploratory design to research the social and cultural implications of DNA testing concerning kinship and the family in Africa. One of the key issues surrounding DNA testing in Africa is the potential for it to disrupt traditional kinship values and family structures. In many African societies, kinship is based on social relationships rather than biological ties. DNA testing has the potential to challenge these traditional values and create new forms of identity based solely on genetic affinity. The potential exploitation by commercial DNA testing companies and many of these companies operate without regulation or oversight, leading to concerns about privacy, informed consent, and the use of genetic data for profit. Overall, the emerging practice of soliciting DNA tests for determining kinship values and family relationships in Africa nurtures important social, cultural, and ethical questions that require further exploration.

Word-formation and Impacts of Hate Speech on Cameroon Social Media Landscape

Dr Fombo Emmanuel 19/09/2023 Page: 294-306

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Hate speech has become a threat to national peace and unity. It continues to be an issue of key social significance, yet its lexical and discursive aspects have been widely evident, its morphosyntactic traits have been hitherto underlooked. It has led to conflict both online and offline. This study aims at investigating the word formation aspects of hate speech on Cameroon social media landscape. Critical discourse approaches of Fairclough (1993, 2003) and Van Dijk (1998) were used to show the relation between texts, discourses and social structures, to show how ideologies and power relations manifest themselves in surface discourse structures and to unveil and explain the word formation processes used by hate language producers to expose the target persons. Data for this study was collected from 165 Facebook posts and 107 Twitter tweets through a screenshot technique. Analyses were done qualitatively and quantitatively, and the findings revealed that hate speech is disseminated through two major word formtion processes: compounding and blending. Facts gleaned from data show that 55.9% hate speech are compounding, 121% are blends. This resulted in over 275 word formation aspects of hate speech used by hate speech producers on social media to reach their targets. This led to a conclusion that, the word formation aspects of hate language revealed through the data are not diseminated to enrich the linguistic vocabulary of English language, but were disseminated with the intentions to provoke, insult, and mock the target persons and above all to distort peace and unity in Cameroon.

Exploring the Phenomenon of Hate Speech Among Cameroonians: Manifestations, Impacts and Recommendations

Nelson Akeh Temesas 19/09/2023 Page: 307-314

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The advent of numerous social media platforms has exacerbated hate speech among Cameroonians. Hiding under the banner of freedom of expression, most Cameroonians tend to use foul language which greatly poses a threat to peaceful coexistence, mutual respect and tolerance. The paper therefore examines the manifestations of hate speech among Cameroonians within the social and conventional media space, evaluates its effects and provides recommendations for addressing it. Drawing from Austin’s (1962) Speech Act theory, and using the descriptive method of approach, the data for this study will be collected using a checklist, observation, and interviews. It is hoped that the data, which will be analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively, will shed more light on the phenomenon of hate speech as well as give recommendations on how to tackle it, so as to ensure peace, National Unity and the spirit of living together.

Postcolonial-Feminist Reading of Albert Camus’s “The Adulterous Wife”

Assist. Prof. Dr. Dhiffaf I. Al- Shwillay 19/09/2023 Page: 315-317

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The perspectives of postcolonialism and feminism challenge the dominant views presented in Western literature. Their main objective is to scrutinize the effects of colonialism and imperialism on colonized individuals and analyze women's oppression in patriarchal societies. These approaches aim to reveal the power structures, ideologies, and representations that shape literary works. This project will delve into these themes as well. I argue that Janine is oppressed as a female, and that is her husband.

Investigation of Dielectric Constant of PVC-PMMA Thin Films Doped with Salicylic Acid at Different Frequency, Dopant and Temperature

A.B.More, G.T. Lamdhade, K.B.Raulkar 19/09/2023 Page: 318-322

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This research study examines the influence of frequency and salicylic acid dopant and temperature on the dielectric constant of PVC-PMMA thin films. The thin films were prepared using the isothermal evaporation technique, and their dielectric constants were measured using an LCR meter over a frequency range of 20 Hz to 200 KHz at 303 k and 323 k. The ln f vs dielectric constant plots were analyzed to investigate the effects of frequency and salicylic acid dopant concentration and temperature on the dielectric properties of the films.

Synthesis and Characterisation of Cupric Oxide (CuO) Doped Tungsten Oxide (WO3) Multilayer Thick Films

Mankar S.S., Lamdhade G.T., Raulkar K.B 19/09/2023 Page: 323-333

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This paper is focused on preparation of cupric oxide doped tungsten oxide multilayer thick film by screen printing method on alumina substrates. XRD and SEM are used to study structural and morphological properties of CuO-WO3. The XRD pattern of (CuO-WO3) system samples show nanocrystalline form and found the desired peaks of composites. FESEM study reveals that the grain size of nanometer order and shows nano- porous structure, which leads to exhibit large surface area, stability and highest response to gas. In present study B5 sensor (25CuO:75WO3) is found to optimized multilayer thick film.